Class 11 Thermodynamics Physics - NCERT PDF | Read Online Class 11 Physics

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Download Class 11 Thermodynamics Physics PDF

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Class 11 Thermodynamics Physics NCERT | Read Online

Class 11 Thermodynamics Physics of NCERT is an important chapter from a scoring and competition point view both. The introduction part explains about basics of Thermodynamics. Thermodynamics in physics deals with the study of the relation between heat and other different forms of energy, and hence makes Class 11 Physics Ch 12, an important topic to study. Heat is the flow of energy from a high temperature to a low temperature. When these temperatures balance out, heat stops flowing, then the system (or set of systems) is said to be in Thermal Equilibrium. Further we will study about Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics, which states that if two thermodynamic systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third systems, then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other. Further we will study the concept, application and other roles and aspects of Heat, Internal Energy and work in Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics. The First Law of Thermodynamics will give us learning about relationship and equations of internal energy, heat and work among each other. Specific heat capacity is defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature. Every equilibrium state of a thermodynamic system is completely described by specific values of some macroscopic variables, also called state variables. Further, we will study about various processes of thermodynamics; the four types of Thermodynamic Process are isobaric, isochoric, isothermal and adiabatic. Afterwards we will study about the concept, working and aspects of Heat Engines, refrigerators and Heat Pumps. The Second law of Thermodynamics states that if the physical process is irreversible, the combined entropy of the system and the environment must increase. A Reversible Process is one in which both the system and its environment can return to exactly the states they were in by following the reverse path. An Irreversible Process is one in which the system and its environment cannot return together to exactly the states that they were in. At the end we will study about Carrot Engine.